Carburetor



Aug. 9, 1932- J. R. BELLVILLE CARBURETOR Filed Aug. 21, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

M'ATTORNEY-N Aug. 9, 1932. J. R. BELLVILLE 1,870,433

CARBURETOR Filed Aug. 21, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Aug. 9, 1932 PATENT OFFECE JAMES R. BELLYILLE, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI GARBURETOB Application filed. August 21, 1929. Serial Ho. 887,391.

My invention relates to improvements in carburetors.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a novel carburetor adapted to be attached o engines now in use, which has novel means for forming a liquid fuel spray and mixing therewith an initial char e of air, which has novel means for highly beating the mixture so made prior to the discharge is of the mixture into a mixing chamber where in a further amount of air is introduced to form an efficient explosive compound.

My invention provldes further novel means for catching and holding liquid fuel which passes into the heating means until such liquid fuel vaporizes.

A further object of my invention is to provide novel means for restricting communication of the mixing chamber with the atmos- 20 phere simultaneously with the admission of fuel into the carburetor as a priming or startin charge.

Fly invention provides further novel means for adjustably regulating the closing movement of the suction opened valve controlling the closing of the air intake into the mixing chamber.

My invention provides still further a constructionwhich is simple, cheap, durable, not

39 likely to get out of order, and which is very efiicient in its operation.

The novel features of my invention are hereinafter fully described and claimed. M In the accompanying drawings, which'illustrate the preferred embodiment of my invention, Fig. 1 is a top view of my improved carburetor shown attached to an exhaust mani-' fold and to an intake manifold.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3.3 of Fig. 8,

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of my improved carburetor shown connected to an exhaust manifold and an intake manifold, parts only of which are shown.

Fig. 8 is a to view artl broken awa of what is Sl10W 1 in 7. y

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 99 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is an elevation looking at the inner side of the block shown in Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a section on the line 1111 of Ti 8.

Similar reference characters designate similar parts in the different views.

1 designates a float chamber containing the usual float 2 which is provided with a lateral arm 3 pivoted on a horizontal pin 4 having its ends mounted in the opposite walls respectively of the float chamber, Figs. 2, 4 and 8.

The'arm 3 is bifurcated at its free end and its bifurcations respectively engage opposite sides of a vertically movable vertical needle valve 5 slidably mounted in a vertical fuel passage 6 in a fitting 7 which extends upwardly into the float chamber 1 through the bottom thereof. Fuel entering the float chamber 1 through the passage 6 lifts the float 2 so as to move the valve 5 toward the seat 8 in the passage 6, and the float in falling lifts and opens the valve in the usual manner.

A fuel supply conductor 9 connects with the fitting 7 and discharges into the passage 6.

The float chamber 1 has in it an outlet passage 10, for'fuel, which outlet passage extends upwardly from near the bottom of the float chamber and then laterally, its upper outlet end being threaded and having fitted therein an externally threaded nozzle 11, which is axially alined with and is adapted 85 to more or less close an air inlet 12 of a fuel heating passage 13 in a block 14, having a flat sideadapted to be fitted against a flat portion 15 of the outer side of an exhaust manifold 16, to which the block 14 is clamped by 90 bolts 17, which are respectively fitted in threaded holes already provided in the manifold 16, Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 8.

The nozzle 11 has a tapered head 18 having a jet discharge opening 19, and is adjustable 95 in the outlet end of the passage 10, whereby the head 18 will more or less close the air inlet 12, according to the adjustment of the nozzle. A look nut 20 on the nozzle 11 bears against the float chamber 1 so as to hold the side of the block 14 where it is threaded and has fitted in it one end of a horizontal pipe 22, Figs. 3, 6 and 8, which pipe 22 extends through a threaded hole in the adjacent wall of a mixin chamber 23. A stufiin collar 24 rotatabl fitted on the pipe 22, its in said 'threade hole and bears at its inner end against packing 25, Fig. 6.

As shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the block 14 comprises a unitary structure adapted to be interposed between an exhaust manifold and a mixing chamber to serve as a heating element, one side of the block having a channel adapted to be closed b the exhaust manifold which forms with the lock a part of the passage 13 havin the air and fuel inlet 12 communicating with the atmosphere, and the passage having an outlet adapted to discharge fuel mixture into a mixing chamber 23 through the pipe 22.

The lower end of the mixin chamber 23 is o n and is fastened to an inta e manifold 26 by bolts 27, Figs. 1 and 7 The mixing chamber in its upper part is provided with a lateral air inlet 28 communicating with the atmosphere. and through which air is taken and combined with the mixed fuel and air amount of air, w ich is taken in at the inlet 12, sufiicient to make an explosive compound. The amount of air admitted through the air inlet 28 is suflicient to make, with the fuel and 4 air with which it is mixed, an eflicient explosive mixture.

This explosive mixture passes downwardly past a throttle valve 29', in the lower part of the chamber 23, into the intake manifold Nearly closing the air inlet 28, when suction is not being efi'ected in the mixing chamber by the engine, is a self'closing flap valve 30, which is o ened by engine suction effected in the mixing chamber 23, and which normally rests b gravity against the'upper end of a vertical y adjustable screw" 31 'fitted in a threaded hole provided vertically in the wall of the mixing chamber 23, Figs. 1 and 3. A coil spring 32 encircles the screw 31 and bears against the head of the screw and against the wall of the mixing chamber, and by its tension prevents-accidental turnin of the screw 31. The latter restricts the c osing of the valve 30, so that, when the valve is held closed, a proper amount of air may still enter the chamber 23 through the air inlet 28.

The valve 30 is held in the closed, or nearly closed position, shown in Fig. 3, when it is desired to prime the engine at starting.

For priming the engine, the conductor 9 has connected to it a branch fuel conductor 33, Figs.'1, 7 and 8, which includes a valve casing 34 and a pipe 35, Fig. 8, the latter connecting with the discharge outlet of the valve casing 34 and extending into and through the adjacent wall of the mixing chamber 23into which the pipe 35 discharges li uid fuel carried by it.

n the valve casing 34 is the usual needle valve 36, which is adapted to shut off the flow of fuel through the conductor 33 into the mixing chamber.

The needle valve is opened and closed by a lever 37 which is pivoted to the valve casing 34 by a horizontal screw 38 mounted in the valve casing 34, Figs. 7 and 8. A coil spring 39 having one end fastened to the lever 37 and the other end fastened to a lug 40 on the wall of the mixing chamber 23, below the lever 37, Figs. 1 and 7, normally swings the lever 37 downwardly to close the needle valve 36.

For opening the needle valve by lifting the lever 37, there is provided at the outer side of the mixing chamber 23 a manually operated lever comprising a swin in member 41, Figs. 7 and 8, which has a cy in rical portion 42 extending through and pivotally mounted in opposite walls of the mixing chamber 23, said portion 42 in the mixing chamber having a lateral arm 43, Fig. 3, which is adapted to be moved to a posltion in which it will engage and hold the. valve 30 from opening.

The member 41, outside the mixing chamber 23, has a threaded holein which is fitted a longitudinally adjustable screw 44, the head of which is adaptedto'engage the under side of the lever and lift the latter to open the needle valve 36. On such movement of the member 41, the arm 43 is made to simultaneously engage and hold the valve 30 closed. ;A lock nut 45 on the screw 44 bears on the member 41and holds the screw 44 from moving from its adjusted position.

In the mixing chamber 23 between the valve 30 and the mixture'discharge pipe 22 is a transverse partition'46 having through it a hole 47 which converges toward the side of the partition at which is located the pipe 22. The passage of air inwardly through the inlet 28 and through the hole 47 is restricted by the presence of'the partition with the hole 47,'so that the velocity of the air is increased, thereby aiding in intimately mixing the 'air entering the mixing chamber through the inlet 28 with the mixedfuel and air discharged into the mixing chamber by the pipe 2 V In starting the engine, when it is cold,the operator swings the member 41 so as to lift the lever.37 to open the needle valve 36 and so as to cause the arm 43 to simultaneously engage and hold the valve from further opening when the engine starts and suction is effected in the mixing chamber 23 thereby.

After the engine is started, the member 41 is released, upon which the spring 39 will close the needle valve 36 through the lever 37 thus shutting off flow to the mixing chamber through the conductor 33.

The suction effected bythe engine in the mixing chamber 23 will cause fuel to be drawn from the float chamber 1 through the passage 10 thereof, and such drawn off fuel will pass through the nozzle 11 and the jet opening 19 of the head 18.

The liquid fuel willbe discharged as spray into the heating passage 13 of the block 14 through'the air inlet 12 of the passage 13. The nozzle 11 is adjusted to a position in which a small amount of air will be taken into the passage 13 and mixed with the sprayed fuel therein, just enough air be ing taken in as will serve as a vehicle to carry the particles of fuel along through the passage, preferably an amount insufficient to make an explosive mixture.

The nozzle 11 has its head, preferably, normally spaced apart from the heating block 14, so that the fuel discharged by the nozzle into the air inlet 1210f the passage 13 will not be heated until it strikes and mixes with the small amount of air which is taken into the passage 13 through the air inlet 12, whereby the fuel will not be'vaporized'in the nozzle, due to the heatingthereof.- A uniform How of fuel is thus obtained through the jet opening of the nozzle 18. .As shown in Fig. 2, the diameter of the nozzle 11 at the large end of the tapered portion is such that when the nozzle is adjusted to its limit toward the block 14, the nozzle will 'close the air inlet 12. After such adjustment has been preliminarily 'made, the nozzle is backed away so as to leave a space between the periphery of the tapering portion and the wall of the air inlet of an area suiii'cient combustion.

toadmit an amount of air suitable for proper This construction affords an adjustment which ran es from no admission of air to a maximum within the limits of such adjustment.

The mixed'fuel and small amount of air, will pass downwardly through the passage 13, and any liquid fuel will be caught and held in the basin 21 until vaporized therein. The vaporized mixture will pass downwardly from the basin 21 and into the pipe 22 from which it will be discharged into the mixing chamber 23 where it is mixed with a proper amount of air entering through the air inlet 28. The resultant efiicient explosive mixture will pass the throttle 29, which is opened, and will enter the intake manifold 26.

The fuel and air which passes through the heating passage 13 will be highly heated by the heat derived from the wall of the exhaust manifold 16. The large amount, relativel. of air which enters the mixing chamber t rough the air inlet 28 is cold and dense, whereby a larger amount will combine with the fuel mixture resulting'in great efficiency.

The float chamber 1 isprovided with a removable plate 48 which may be removed for access to the. interior of the chamber, when desired.

I do not limit my invention to the structure shown and described,as any modifications, within the scope of the appended claims, may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim is 1-. A carburetor having a mixing chamber,

a heating member having a heating passagedischarging into said chamber and having an air inlet, a fuel conductor having an outlet, and a nozzle normally spaced from said heating member and discharging into said air inlet and longitudinally adjustable in said 'out let to and from a position in which it will close said inlet.

' 2. A carburetor having a mixing chamber, a heating member having a. heating passage discharging into said chamber and having an air inlet, a fuel conductor having an outlet, and a nozzle normally spacedfrom said inlet and having a tapering discharge end adapted to enter and to dischargejinto said inlet, said nozzle being longitudinally adjustable in said outlet to and from a posi-- tion in which it will close said air inlet.

3. A carburetor having a mixingchamber provided with an air inlet, a. suction opened valve for closing said inlet, a fuel conductor discharging into said mixing chamber, a sec ond valve operable independently of c said suction opened valve for closing said con ductor, means for normally closing said second valve, and manually operated means for opening saidsecond valve and for simultaneousiy restricting the opening movement of said suction opened valve.

A carburetor havinga" niixing clidmbeh having an air inlet, a suctiomopened valve-.1.

5. A carburetor having a mixing chamber having an air inlet, a suction opened valve for closing saidinlet, a fuel conductor d1schargingmto said mixing chamber, a second valve operable independently of said suction opened valve for closing said conductor a lever engaging and adapted to open and close said second valve, a spring normally swinging said lever to close said second valve,

and a manually operated lever adapted to engage and swing said first lever to open said second valve and having an arm adapted to engage and restrict the opening of said suetion'opened valve simultaneously with the 7 opening of said second valve.

v6. A carburetor having a mixing chamber having an 8.11 inlet, a suction opened valve for closing sa d inlet, afuel conductor discharging into said mixing chamber, a second valve operable independently of said suction opened valve for closing said conductor, a lever engaging said 'second'valve for opening and closing said second valve, means for normally swinging said lever to close said second valve, and a manually operated lever comprising a swinging member having a screw, adjustable thereon toward and from and adapted to engage said first lever to move K the latter to open said second valve," said swinging member having an arm adapted to engage and restrict the opening movement of said suction opened valve simultaneously with the opening of said second valve.

7. A carburetor having a mixing chamber provided with an air inlet, a suction opened valve for closing said inlet, a main fuel inlet in said mixing chamber, an auxiliary fuel conductor vdischarging into said chamber, a second valve operable independently of said suction opened valve for closing said auxiliary conductor, means. for normally closing said second valve, and manually operated means for opening said. second valve and simultaneously restricting the opening movement of said suction opened valve.

8. 1A carburetor having a mixing chamber, a member having a passage discharging at one end into said chamber and having its .other end communicating with the atmosphere, afuel conductor having an outlet,and a nozzle normally spaced from said member and having a taperingend portion discharg ing into said other end of said passage, said nozzle being longitudinally adjustable in said outlet to different positions in which said tapering portion will be partly Within and partly outside of said other end of said passage.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

' JAMES R. BELLVILLE. 

